What are the two main types of network topologies?

The correct choice identifies star topology and bus topology as two main types of network topologies, which are fundamental concepts in networking.

Star topology connects all devices to a central hub or switch, meaning that if one device fails, it does not affect the entire network. This topology is widely used because of its simplicity and ease of management, particularly in terms of adding or removing devices. The central hub allows for easy troubleshooting and isolation of issues.

On the other hand, bus topology connects all devices to a single communication line or cable. This topology is straightforward to implement and cost-effective for small networks, but it can become problematic as more devices are added, potentially leading to congestion and collisions.

Understanding these two topologies is crucial for anyone studying networking, as they each offer unique advantages and disadvantages depending on the specific requirements of a network configuration. Other options presented, while they do include valid topologies, do not represent the primary types recognized in conventional networking.