What is the function of a router in a network?

A router serves as a crucial device in networking by managing traffic between different networks and directing data packets. Its primary function is to identify the best path for data to travel from its source to its destination across various networks. This is achieved through routing protocols that help determine the most efficient route for data packets, enabling seamless communication even when the networks differ in type (for example, connecting a home network to the internet).

This traffic management is essential in larger networks where multiple subnets exist, as it helps to prevent network congestion and ensure data packets reach their intended destinations effectively. Additionally, routers often include features like Network Address Translation (NAT) and firewall functions to enhance security and manage IP address assignments within the network.

In contrast, other choices refer to different networking devices or functionalities. Connecting devices within the same network segment is typically the role of a switch, amplifying signals is more aligned with the role of a network extender or repeater, and providing wireless access is primarily the function of a wireless access point or a wireless router rather than a standard router.