What type of network topology connects all devices to a single central cable?

The correct choice describes a bus topology, which is characterized by its structure of a single central cable, or bus, to which all network devices are connected. In this design, each device shares the same communication line, allowing data to be sent from one device to all others on the network. A bus topology is simple to implement and requires less cabling compared to other topologies, making it cost-effective for small networks.

In addition to its simplicity, bus topology has some drawbacks, such as limited data transmission speed and reliability; if the central cable fails, the entire network can go down. However, it remains a foundational concept in understanding network structures.

The other topologies, while distinct in their configurations, do not utilize a single central cable as the primary method of connection. For instance, star topology uses a central hub or switch to connect devices, while ring topology connects each device to two others in a closed loop. Tree topology combines characteristics of star and bus topologies, with a hierarchical structure of nodes and branches.