What type of technology converts analog voice signals into digital data?

The technology that converts analog voice signals into digital data is VoIP, which stands for Voice over Internet Protocol. VoIP allows traditional telephone calls to be made over the internet by digitizing the analog voice signals, enabling them to be transmitted as data packets. This conversion process means that voice communication can utilize existing internet infrastructure rather than relying solely on traditional telephone lines, offering advantages such as lower costs and greater flexibility in communication.

Other technologies listed serve different purposes. ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) is primarily used for digital transmission of voice and data but does not focus on converting analog signals itself in the same manner. DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) is a technology used for internet access over telephone lines, providing high-speed data transmission but not specifically designed for voice signal conversion. Fax machines typically operate by scanning documents and transmitting them, making copies of text and images, rather than dealing with analog voice conversion.