Which statement is true regarding MAC addresses?

The statement that MAC addresses are also referred to as physical addresses is accurate because MAC addresses serve as unique identifiers for network interfaces at the data link layer of the OSI model. Each network interface card (NIC) is assigned a unique MAC address by the manufacturer, which is embedded in the hardware. This address is used for communication within the local network segment.

Unlike IP addresses, which can change based on the network the device is connected to and can be assigned dynamically, MAC addresses remain consistent and uniquely identify a device on a local network. Referring to them as physical addresses emphasizes their role in identifying network hardware rather than logical addressing, which is the realm of IP addresses. This distinction is crucial in understanding how different layers of networking operate.

The other statements do not accurately describe MAC addresses: they are not temporary, they are not the same as IPv4 or IPv6 addresses, and they do not facilitate routing through IP networks, as that function is performed by logical addresses (IP addresses).